FROM 'AND THEN' TO 'BUT THEREFORE': THE RULE THAT TRANSFORMS FLAT STORIES

Let’s face it.

Writing a script is tough. You’ve got the killer opening scene, a quirky lead character, a setting that’s begging for drama… but somewhere along the way, it all turns into a random list of events: This happens, and then that happens, and then… zzzzzz. The tension disappears. The energy fizzles. Your audience checks their phones.

So how do you keep your story from falling flat?

Enter the magical, mighty “BUT – THEREFORE” Rule.

This deceptively simple technique has saved many a screenwriter from creative doom. It's not just a storytelling trick — it's a lifeline. And in this guide, we'll break down exactly how it works, why it's so powerful, and how you can apply it to your writing right now to breathe life into your story.

The Core of the “But – Therefore” Rule

What Is It?

Think of storytelling like building a domino chain. If you set the pieces up in a straight line without a twist or turn, the fall is predictable. The “But – Therefore” rule adds curves, surprise turns, and explosive impact.

Here’s the difference:

❌ Boring version:

Sarah wakes up, and then she eats breakfast, and then she goes to school, and then she talks to her teacher.

✅ Engaging version:

Sarah wakes up, but she’s late for school. Therefore, she skips breakfast and runs out the door. But her teacher sees her sneaking in. Therefore, she gets detention.

Now we’ve got tension. Stakes. Consequences. That’s storytelling.

Why Is This Rule a Game-Changer?

1. It forces cause and effect. No more random scenes. Every action leads to something.
2. It keeps characters active. They make choices, face obstacles, and react — just like real people.
3. It avoids the dreaded “plot pancake.” You know, those stories where everything is flat and stacked with no rising tension.

Where Did It Come From?

While the phrase was made famous by South Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the principle has been the backbone of good storytelling for centuries — from Greek tragedies to Marvel movies. They just gave it a name, and we thank them for it.

???? New (and Better!) Examples

Let’s ditch Shakespeare and go for something fresh. Here are some famous movies and shows where “But – Therefore” is working its magic under the hood.

1. Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017)

Peter Parker wants to prove himself as an Avenger,

BUT Tony Stark tells him to stay grounded.

THEREFORE, Peter takes matters into his own hands.

BUT he ends up causing a ferry disaster.

THEREFORE, Tony takes the suit away.

BUT Peter learns the value of being a real hero without the suit.

Every beat is connected. Every mistake has consequences. This rule doesn’t just create story movement — it builds character.

2. Stranger Things (Season 1)

A boy disappears in a small town,

BUT his mom insists he’s still alive.

THEREFORE, she investigates bizarre clues and flashing lights.

BUT the town thinks she’s lost her mind.

THEREFORE, she teams up with the local sheriff to find answers.

The whole series is a constant push-pull of conflict and choice. That’s why it’s addictive.

3. Finding Nemo (2003)

Marlin is overprotective of his son Nemo,

BUT Nemo disobeys him and gets captured.

THEREFORE, Marlin sets off on a journey across the ocean.

BUT he’s terrified of everything.

THEREFORE, he must learn to face his fears to save his son.

It’s a heartwarming adventure powered by decisions, setbacks, and growth — all fueled by “but – therefore” energy.

What About Nonlinear Stories?

You might think this only works for stories told in order. Nope! Even twisty timelines can follow this rule.

Let’s take Inception (2010).

The plot jumps between dreams within dreams,

BUT Cobb is haunted by guilt about his wife.

THEREFORE, his subconscious keeps sabotaging missions.

BUT the stakes rise when he’s offered a shot at redemption (returning to his children).

THEREFORE, he agrees to the most dangerous job yet.

Even layered, mind-bending narratives can follow “But – Therefore.” The scenes might not be shown in order, but the underlying logic is always cause → effect.

Still Confused? Try This:

When writing, look at two scenes and ask:

1. Why does this next thing happen?
2. What’s getting in the way?
3. What does the character do because of that?

If you can’t answer those with a BUT or a THEREFORE, your story might need a rewire.

Conclusion: Make Your Story Move

The “But – Therefore” rule might sound simple, but it’s rocket fuel for your script. It gives structure without strangling creativity. It keeps your audience hooked because they’re constantly thinking, "Oh no, what’s going to happen next?"

So next time you’re staring at a blank page or your scenes feel limp, remember:

Don’t stack.

Chain.

Don’t say “and then…”

Say “BUT” and “THEREFORE.”

And just like that — your story lives, breathes, and leaps off the page.

✨ Now go forth, writer! Build that plot like a domino chain ready to blow minds.